Compensating carburetor



June 18, J. c. BENNER COMPENSATING CARBURETOR Filed Nov. 20, 1937Patented June 18, 1940 UNITED STATES COMPENSATING CARBURETOR JosephClifford Benner, Kansas City, Mo., as-

signor to Velma Pearl Bnner, Kansas City,

Application November 20, 1937, Serial No. 175,729

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a compensating carburetor for use withinternal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having acasing in which is slidably mounted a piston provided with a centralpassage formed with a Venturi section which is adapted to be partiallyclosed by a vaporizing plate when the engine is idling or at slowspeeds, the piston being maintained in such position by a spring whichresists the suction force of the engine, the increased suction in theengine, however, causing the piston to be moved away from the vaporizingplate whereby the flow of air is increased through the carburetor and indirect contact with the films of fuel spread over the vaporizing plateso that a mist is created and conducted to the cylinders of the internalcombustion engine.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor havinga casing in which a piston is maintained in one position by a spring andbeing urged in an opposite direction by increased suction in theinternal combustion engine so that when a Venturi section in a centralpassage in the piston is moved away from a vaporizing plate a greatervolume of. air is drawn through the carburetor and intimately mixed withthe fuel, a throttle valve controling the outflow of the mixture withoperating mechanism connecting the throttle valve with a needle valvewhich in turn controls the flow of fuel from a float chamber to thevaporizing plate, the control of theneedle valve being commensurate withthe opening or closing of the throttle valve.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a carburetorhaving a casing in which a piston is mounted and movable in onedirection by the action of a spring and movable in the oppositedirection under the'influence of the suction in an internalcomb'ustionengine, a perforated vaporizing plate cooperating with theVenturi section to close the passage in the piston to incoming airexcept the small quantity which is permitted to pass through theperforations in the plate, the piston and perforated platewhenco-actively engaged acting as a choke, the increased suction in theengine causing the piston to move away from the perforated plate topermit the flow of an increased quantity of air through the venturi. v

This invention will be best understood from a consideration of thefollowing detailed description, in view of the accompanying drawingforming a part of the specification; nevertheless, it is to beunderstood that the invention is not confined to the disclosure beingsusceptible of such changes and modifications as define no materialdeparture from the salient features of the invention as expressed in theappended claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a carburetor constructed in accordancewith the principles of my invention,

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken along the line 2--2 of, Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a plan view of a compensating piston in detached relationfrom the carburetor, and

Figure 6 is a vertical section of a vaporizing plate used in thecarburetor.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, It designates an intakemanifold which is adapted to connect the engine cylinders with the loweror outlet end H of a casing l2 and where the casing is reduced in crosssection. A cover plate, generally designated by the numeral l3, not onlyforms the top of the casing l2 but has also integrally formed therewitha conduit M providing a down-draft air intake for the carburetor. Thisintake may be connected with a heating apparatus connected with theexhaust manifold for increasing the temperature of the air before it isconducted into the casing l2. An auxiliary air valve la is in saidintake.

The lower reduced end of the casing is provided with a throttle valveconnected with a shaft l6 mounted in bearings l l formed by bossesprojecting diametrically from. the lower reduced end of the casing. Theshaft i6 is operated by a lever I8 and a link (not shown) is adapted toconnect this lever with an operating means either on the dash of thevehicle or upon the steering column or with the usual accelerator pedal.

A float chamber is connected to the casing 12 in any approved manner andis provided with the usual float 2| having a guide rod 22, a valve 23 isadapted to engage a valve seat 24 at the outer end of a pipe 25 which isconnected with a source of fuel (not shown).

The chamber 20 is provided with an oifset 26 which has a passage 27connecting the chamber 20 with a valve chamber 28 formed in the offsetportion 26. A valve 29 is adapted to engage a seat 30 which closes thepassage 21 between the chambers 20 and 28 in a manner which will bepresently explained.

The valve 29 is provided with an enlarged portion 3| which extends abovethe upper end of the offset and is connected with an arm 32 by means ofa screw 33 to a link 34.

The lower end of the link 34 is connected to an eccentric pin 35 carriedby a disc 36 which is. secured to one end of the shaft l6 which carriesthe throttle valve [5.

A bracket or projection to extends from a wall of the casing l2 and isprovided with a passage 4| adapted to align with a discharge port 42formed in the olfset 25 whereby the valve cham" ber 28 is placed incommunication with the horizontal passage 4| in the bracket or arm 40.The passage 4| has an angular section 43 which opens at the underface ofthe arm 35i.

A vaporizing plate 45 having a plurality of perforations or passages ishas an annular flange 47. Said plate is connected to the arm andsupported thereby. It will be noted that the discharge port 33 opensdirectly above the vaporizing plate 35 so that the fuel is dischargeddirectly onto this plate. A Venturi tube 5D is slidably mounted withinthe casing l2 and is provided with grooves 5| to receive the usualpacking rings. The Venturi tube is provided with a central passage,generally designed by the numeral 52, and this passage is provided witha Venturi section generally designated by the numeral 53 so that thepassage will have a pair of oppositely flared portions 54 and 55. Thewalls of the flared portion 55 when the engine is idling will normallyengage the periphery of the vaporizing disc 45.

A guide rod 56 is located below the top portion E3 of the casing and issupported in an enlarged end 5? of the member All. This rod is providedwith a flange 58 at its lower end from which depends a pair of forks 59.An eccentric disc 6|! is received by the fork and a shaft 6! connectedto the disc is adapted to rotate the same. A shaft is formed. on thelower portion of the casing it. A manipulating rod 63 is secured to theouter projecting end of the shaft 33 whereby the shaft may be manuallyrotated for causing the eccentric disc to be revolved against the flange58 so that the rod 56 may be raised or lowered against the tension of aspring 57 which has its lower end abutting the flange 58 and the upperend. abutting a ring 68 which is part of the spider 55 connected withthe member 5? The spring at all times tends to maintain the member 50 inits uppermost position as shown in Fig. l.

The rotation of the eccentric disc 60 will increase or decrease thetension on the spring 6'! and this adjustment is made to conform to thedegree of pull by the engine cylinders on the Venturi tube 5D.

In other words, when it is found that the member 5i fails to move awayfrom the vaporizing plate at a predetermined speed of the engine the cam65 is rotated to release the tension on the spring 6']. When the member58 moves away from the plate too rapidly the cam is adjusted to increasetension on the spring 6'1 because in that case too much air will besupplied for the amount of fuel which is drawn in. On the other hand ifthe member fails to move away from the plate 45 at the proper time theengine will be choked.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: When the engine is startedthe suction in the engine cylinder and likewise in the intake manifoldi0 is not suificiently strong to force the piston 50 away from itsposition against the vaporizing plate 45 and against the action of thespring 51 so that a limited quantity of air is drawn through theperforations 46 although a greater amount of fuel is drawn from thepassage II in the arm 40 onto the vaporizing plate 45. Thus it will beseen that sufiicient fuel is drawn into the engine with a limited supplyof air so that it is unnecessary to have a choking device since thiscarbureter effectively Operates as a choking device at a time whennecessary. The piston 56 is also in the position shown in Fig. 1 whenthe engine is operating at low speeds.

As the throttle valve I5, which is shown in the closed position in Fig.1, is opened the eccentric 35 is raised, thereby raising the needlevalve 29 and allowing more fuel to pass through the passage 4| onto thevaporizing plate 45 so that as the quantity of air passing through thecasin I2 is increased the quantity of fuel will be proportionatelyincreased.

When the suction in the engine cylinder is sufiiciently great to act onthe piston or valve 50 this valve is drawn downwardly against thetension of the spring 61, thereby moving the inclined walls of theVenturi section 53 away from the plate 45 so that more air will passthrough the casing due to the fact that the air will pass around theedges of the plate and also through the perforations 46. As the airpasses around the plate and through the perforations at said air will bewhirled in a number of directions and the fuel which is discharged ontothe plate will be thoroughly commingled with the air to create a mist sothat the engine will be economically operated.

The diameter of the perforations 45 and the number of the perforationsare determined in advance so that the best results will be obtained inthe carburetor.

As the suction in the casing i2 decreases due to adjustments of thethrottle valve I5, the spring 67 will tend to return the Venturi tube5%.- towards the vaporizing plate 45 and thus reduce the quantity of airpassing through said casing. When the throttle valve is moved away fromthe horizontal position towards and then to the vertical position agreater quantity of air is drawn through the chamber and likewise asufficient quantity of fuel is supplied to the perforated plate toproperly take care of the engine needs.

As the throttle valve I5 is operated the needle valve 29 will also beactuated to take care of the quantity of fuel supplied to the incomingair. When the position of the throttle valve is being reversed or isbeing moved from the vertical to the horizontal position the quantity ofair will be cut down as will be the amount of fuel sup plied because theneedle valve is then being moved closer to its seat for reducing thesupply of liquid fuel to the air.

The guide rod 56 is adapted to be adjusted to increase or decrease thetension of the spring 6'? so that the Venturi tube 563 will move toprovide for an economical operation of the engine.

I claim:

1. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine andcomprising a casing, a movable tube having a passage provided with aVenturi section, a plate having perforations and fixed in apredetermined position, means for resiliently supporting the tube in thecasing and for urging the tube towards the plate, the walls of the tubeat one side of the venturi adapted to engage the periphery of the platewhen the Venturi tube is in its uppermost position for closing saidpassage except for the perforations in the plate through which air andfuel are drawn, means for supplying the plate with a liquid fuel, saidtube adapted to be moved away from the plate by the suction in theintake manifold to permit varying quantities of air to pass around theperiphery of the plate While some of the air is drawn through theperforations, an arm in the casing and extending from a wall of saidcasing,

said means for supplying the liquid including a passage formed in thearm, the plate being connected-to the arm and located centrally of thecasing.

2. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine andcomprising a casing, a rod slidably mounted axially of the casing andprovided with a shoulder, an arm projecting from a wall of the castingand provided with an opening to receive the rod, a perforated platesecured to the arm centrally of the casing, a Venturi tube slidable inthe casing, a spring on the rod having one end supported by theshoulder, the other end of the spring resiliently supporting theVent'uri tube in the casing and urging said tube against the perforatedplate and tending to close the Venturi tube except for the perforationin the plate, said arm having a passage opening at one end over theplate, means for supplying liquid fuel to the passage, said tube beingdrawn away from the plate by the suction in the intake manifold againstthe tension of the spring, means for conducting air on to the plate, andmeans for causing the rod to be moved longitudinally of the casing forincreasing the tension on the spring.

3. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine andcomprising a casing, a rod slidably mounted axially of the casing andprovided with a shoulder, an arm projecting from a wall of the casingand provided with an opening to receive the rod, a perforated platesecured to the arm centrally of the casing, a Venturi tube slidalole inthe casing, a spring on the rod having one end supported by theshoulder, the other end of the spring resiliently supporting the Venturitube in the casing and urging said tube against the perforated plate andtending to close the'Venturi tube except for the perforation in theplate, said arm having a passage opening at one end over the plate,means for supplying liquid fuel to the passage, said tube being drawnaway from the plate by the suction in the intake manifold against thetension of the spring, means for conducting air on to the plate, a camrotatably mounted in the casing and engaging theshoulder, and means forrotating the cam for raising the rod and increasing the tension on thespring.

JOSEPH CLIFFORD BENNER.

